Economy on Food Essay

Numerous Americans devour food at a disturbing rate without halting to consider what they truly may be gobbling or how it wound up on their plate. In the event that we just set aside the effort to perceive how our food frameworks functioned, we would see the domino influence streaming down from government to average day Americans. With the end goal for us to have the option to develop and deliver food, ranchers are paid by our legislature as endowments. These harvests generally don't develop normally starting from the earliest stage. Synthetic concoctions are siphoned into the Earth messing up our condition. That food is than sent on ventures everywhere throughout the world, including stops at feed parts. Creatures are taken care of the yield which has a greater number of cons than masters to their stomach related framework and their bodies making meat have a higher convergence of fat. Obviously these items are then dispersed to our supermarkets and we get them without a tiny smidgen of dithering. Every last one of these means has an effect on the other and it may all be constrained by one issue †government sponsorships. Without this control ranchers may have the activity to develop with their psyches set on quality over amount which thus will have more advantageous effects on each degree of our food economy. Ranchers are enormous donors toward the nourishment for our general public. The administration pays ranchers by controlling the flexibly and request through endowments keeping the ranchers their occupations. Be that as it may, the appropriations depend on what number of bushels a rancher can develop, which prompts an overproduction. A case of a profoundly sponsored crop is corn. Alone, this harvest causes natural, animal cultivating, and society medical problems. As indicated by Michael Pollan, a creator, extremist, and Professor of news coverage at the University of California, Berkeley, for ranchers to grow a bountiful measure of corn it requires more synthetic compounds and pesticides to keep up developing conditions. These synthetics in the long run discover its way into the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico, murdering marine life (45). At the point when this harvest is sold, ranchers with domesticated animals get it as animal feed, for it is modest. â€Å"Most of the creatures we eat (chickens, pigs, and dairy animals) today stay alive on a tight eating routine of corn, reguardless whether or not it is useful for them† (Pollan, 44). Dairy cattle are not use to an all corn diet which makes ranchers feed them anti-microbials to ward off any ailment as well as contaminations. When these creatures give reviews they are sent to a butcher house to turn into the meat we eat, which is loaded up with anti-infection agents and corn. Corn arrives in a sugar added substance structure be increasingly precise - Meline Akashian 11/27/10 3:25 PM called high fructose corn syrup. It is regularly found in sodas since it is so sweet and modest. Because of the appropriation, it replaced sugar. There is â€Å"†¦ no incident that the discount change to corn sugars in 1980’s imprints the start of the scourge of heftiness and Type 2 Diabetes in this country† (Pollan, 44). Since the appropriation caused overproduction and amazingly low costs, America has released itself in getting one of the fattest and laziest countries by going to drive-through eateries rather than home prepared dinners. The administration pays ranchers to develop these wares (I. e. corn, soy, wheat, rice, and cotton) for their overproduction and â€Å"†¦ the homestead bill what ranch bill? offer setting for quote - Meline Akashian 11/27/10 3:26 PM does basically nothing to help ranchers becoming new produce†¦ The explanation the least stimulating calories in the store are the least expensive is that those are the ones the homestead bill urges ranchers to grow† (Pollan, You Are What You Grow). While foods grown from the ground costs expanded 40 percent from 1985-2000, the cost of soda pops, containing corn, declined 23 percent (Pollan, You Are What You Grow). Through government sponsorships and the ranch charge, it has caused a few issues concerning the earth, and animal and society wellbeing. Government appropriations should be taken a gander at and changed impressively. Ranchers need to stop overproduction and as opposed to being paid by bushels, be followed through on to restrain creation and bolster costs (Pollan, You Are What You Grow). By supporting costs and restricting creation, harvests may not be so high sought after, further bringing about creatures eating what they are acquainted with and Americans eating more beneficial with less obscure added substances put into their food. Here you have moved to potential arrangements †spare it for that segment. - Meline Akashian 11/27/10 3:28 PM The overproduction of corn in America has brought up numerous issues with respect to the procedure and creation of corn and how today is influencing us Americans. Need an alternate change here, one that twists off from last section - Meline Akashian 11/27/10 3:29 PM Many narratives about corn, the creation, procedure, and conveyance have been explored different avenues regarding and gotten on tape, while more issues have ascended about states of corn and cultivating. Such Aforementioned issues have uncovered that however corn is modest and simple, it builds wellbeing dangers for our bodies and to creatures too. Michael Pollan writer of â€Å"When A Crop Becomes King,† essayist for the New York Times expresses that â€Å"nowhere have people done very as a lot to propel the interests of this plant as in North America , where zea mays has intimated itself into our scene, our food framework and our government financial plan. † Pollan is uncovering that individuals may scrutinize the food creation and if makers are paying special mind to our wellbeing or not. We despite everything purchase similar items and dont pose the significant inquiries, however, we simply acknowledge that it is a lifestyle. We gripe that food is unfortunate and there are infrequently any choices that are similarly as brisk and delectable as inexpensive food, rather, we have to pick our own options rather then accuse the cheap food industry. Corn has been prepared and has become an American item for as far back as not many decades, â€Å"we’re relinquishing the strength of both our bodies and the earth by developing and eating such an extensive amount it[†¦ ]that’s cause for our concern† states Polan in another statement from The New York Times. In spite of the fact that we have the creation of corn handled in nourishments and took care of to creatures to make there meat increasingly greasy, the best methodology that has kept the zea mays in business is the improvement of high fructose corn syrup. Look on the backs of pop jars, confections, even apples and you will see that there is high fructose corn syrup in our naturalized items. Corns being prepared into the entirety of our nourishments, beverages, and creatures is just piece of the issue, Polan states that â€Å"Modern corn half and halves are the greediest of plants, requesting more nitrogen manure than some other yield additionally requiring more pesticide then some other harvest. † Corn isn’t as modest as we presume it to be, the eating regimen for corn comprises of a plethera of water and is showered with synthetic substances each time it’s developed. Because of the synthetic substances that are showered, â€Å"these synthetic concoctions discover its way to the Mississippi River which conveys it to the Gulf of Mexico, which has just slaughtered marine life in a 12,000 square mile region. † Polan again uncovers that on the off chance that we make a stride back, we will understand that our condition is enduring the same amount of as we seem to be, we are impermanent on this planet we have to recall that the earth isn't to be tempered with, however regular. The procedure of cornification and new turns of events if modest and simple items, has cause a domino influence in our wellbeing framework. In spite of the fact that our condition is enduring due to over utilization of synthetics, we don't end there. decent T - Meline Akashian 11/27/10 3:33 PM According to the U. S Department of Agriculture’s National Agricultural Statistics Service, every year in the United States, 10 billion land creatures are raised and murdered for meat, eggs, and milk. To a normal American with no earlier information on our food economy this may appear to be a little actuality, be that as it may; it is the manner by which these animals are cultivated which has desperate results on our social orders wellbeing. Livestock government assistance master Dr. Donald Broom states; â€Å"Efforts to accomplish prior and quicker development, more prominent creation per individual, and proficient feed changes and parceling are the reasons for a portion of the most noticeably awful creature government assistance issues. † The cultivating of animals has changed significantly over the previous hundreds of years. Many despite everything consider cultivating the rustic assortments of stables and field where animals are allowed to munch and move about until they are executed viably, â€Å"in reality, a few homesteads are monstrous modern sort offices possessed and worked by enormous corporations†¦ [and] in spite of the fact that they make up a little level of American ranches, they handle a huge level of the animals murdered for food in the United States† (Breakdown of Livestock Farms, North American Industry Classification System in Census of Agriculture). These production line ranches are otherwise called CAFO’s or Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations. Due to the over creation of corn, these creatures eats less comprise of only it. Since corn is a high-starch, high-vitality food, it diminishes the time it takes to swell the cows and expands the yield from these ranches. As indicated by the narrative, King Corn, cows are taken care of for anyplace between 140-160 days and than butchered, in any case; corn isn't the regular eating routine of dairy cattle and since it isn't, numerous issues have originated from this unusual eating routine. They are getting fatter at a disturbing rate which is useful for the company’s wallets however not for our midsection lines considering â€Å"65% of calories from burgers are vitality calories from fat† causing an immediate line between hefty bovines, and large Americans (King Corn). The issue exists in the cattle’s stomach related framework. The overwhelming corn diet ferments the cow’s stomach related tract and makes microbes structure.

Shattering of Illusion Essay Example For Students

Breaking of Illusion Essay Reality and figment, two separate universes bound together according to people. As individuals, we utilize this figment to cover our world, spread it from the obscurity of reality, to deny whatever may contradict our standards, accordingly making sure about our lives by shutting out what we dread. In any case, while lifting this cover of fantasy from our eyes, we see our actual exposed mankind. The plays, Waiting for Godot, by Samuel Beckett, The House of Bernada Alba, by Lorca, and The Cherry Orchard, by Anton Chekhov, all show that through the breaking of ones fantasy, the genuine quintessence of ones soul is uncovered. Samuel Becketts, Waiting for Godot centers around two men, Vladimir and Estragon, having a similar dream that a man named Godot will show up to meet them. They hold up with one another, speaking persistently about whatever will help them in spending the time.(Beckett 29) Even when another character, Pozzo, is introduced to them, they excuse his following way out with the expression, That spent the time(Beckett 29) as though their entire reason in life is to pause and anticipate that something should happen and change things, Godot. This is their figment. The silly discussion that they share among one another all through the story is a system of figment they use to occupy themselves from the current truth of their circumstance. Be that as it may, similar to all hallucinations, this one begins to vanish in the brain of Vladimir. I sat tight for Godot? However, in all that what truth will there be? of me too somebody is stating, he is dozing, he knows nothing, let him rest on. (stop) I cannot go on! (delay) What have I said?(Beckett 64) Vladimir questions the circumstance, the hallucination that he has lived with. At the point when this hallucination is broken, we see the genuine character of Vladimir. He fears reality, yet he has a boldness that breaks the deception for a second and sees reality, the monotonous rubbish of the real world. We have the opportunity to develop old. The air is loaded up with our cries. (he tunes in) But propensity is an incredible deadener.(Beckett 64)After saying this, a kid sent by Godot enters. Because of his new practical recognition, Vladimir answers the kid in a dull tone and converses with the kid as though definitely comprehending what the kid is going to state. Vladimir: He wont come tonight. Kid: No sir. Vladimir: But damnation come tomorrow. Kid: Yes sir. Vladimir: Without Fail. (Beckett 64) His dull and fatigued tone shows of his insight into the real world and the circumstance he is in. Be that as it may, being a piece of his character, Vladimir decides to return back to his old self, deny reality, and cover up under the umbrella of hallucination. This happens when he begins examining the kid regarding Godot. Has he a facial hair, Mr. Godot?Fair or black?(Beckett 65) His inquiries show his recover in interest and confidence in the deception. Vladimir restores his previous self and to the conviction of the illusive Godot. In Lorcas, The House of Bernada Alba, Bernada decides to see a similar sort of dream. Her five little girls have been living, caught, in the familys house their entire lives. As energy, envy, and love, develops between the five sisters, their feelings crash into Bernadas standards. Regardless of this passionate pressure between the sisters, Bernada decides not to see the conspicuous strain, utilizing fantasy to change her view of the real world and deny the current clash. Despite the fact that something grave is happening,(Lorca 191)Bernada demands that her girls regard and have never conflicted with will.(Lorca 191) In any case, like Vladimirs breaking of fantasy, Bernada before long faces reality. This happens in the occurrence of Adels demise. At the point when this happens, Bernada is compelled to observe the consequence of her own refusal and obliviousness. When loosens up and fly, Bernada eventually carries down with stones.(Lorca 191) It is Bernardas deception and disavowal of reality which were the stones that murdered Adel. Presently with her little girl dead, Bernarda is compelled to encounter reality. In light of this breaking of dream, she answers peacefully. Her quiet presents a ghostly climate inside the setting, as it is the first run through Bernada has nothing to state, to respond in due order regarding her blame. .u4cb73e3b8566849f3feb7c02b7b952a4 , .u4cb73e3b8566849f3feb7c02b7b952a4 .postImageUrl , .u4cb73e3b8566849f3feb7c02b7b952a4 .focused content zone { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u4cb73e3b8566849f3feb7c02b7b952a4 , .u4cb73e3b8566849f3feb7c02b7b952a4:hover , .u4cb73e3b8566849f3feb7c02b7b952a4:visited , .u4cb73e3b8566849f3feb7c02b7b952a4:active { border:0!important; } .u4cb73e3b8566849f3feb7c02b7b952a4 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u4cb73e3b8566849f3feb7c02b7b952a4 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; mistiness: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u4cb73e3b8566849f3feb7c02b7b952a4:active , .u4cb73e3b8566849f3feb7c02b7b952a4:hover { obscurity: 1; change: haziness 250ms; webkit-change: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u4cb73e3b8566849f3feb7c02b7b952a4 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relative; } .u4cb73e3b8566849f3feb7c02b7b952a4 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-enhancement: underline; } .u4cb73e3b8566849f3feb7c02b7b952a4 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u4cb73e3b8566849f3feb7c02b7b952a4 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: intense; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-enrichment: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4cb73e3b8566849f3feb7c02b7b952a4:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u4cb73e3b8566849f3feb7c 02b7b952a4 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u4cb73e3b8566849f3feb7c02b7b952a4-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u4cb73e3b8566849f3feb7c02b7b952a4:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Autobiographical Note EssayHer deception has broken and the quintessence of Bernadas soul is indicated basically by the void of quiet. Without her deception she is frail, cold, and void. What's more, with this vacancy, she attempts indeed to recapture her figment and top off her vacant heart with the disavowal of the real world and the grasps of power. She changes her existence by denying reality, and expressing that her little girl kicked the bucket a virginNo one will say anything regarding this! She passed on a virgin And I need no sobbing. Passing must be taken a gander at face to facesilence, quiet, I said. Silence!(Lorca 211) The figment and refusal that murdered Adel is presently turning out to be alive once more. Bernada utilizes the cover of hallucination to cover her little girls demise and deny the current reality.

The Planning Idea Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Planning Idea - Essay Example The fundamental element in arranging is ceaseless correspondence. The arranging procedure is immense and consolidates different fields, for example, financial matters, condition, and building (Fincher and Iverson 5). This paper will investigate the issue of urban arranging and talk about arranging hypotheses. Arranging includes both approach and physical arranging. When arranging, social and social impacts ought to likewise be thought of and facilitated. The arranging hypothesis adds to the advancement of arranging rehearses in three different ways. One is the philosophical way that includes planners’ contribution in the arranging practice. The second is the adaption way which incorporates the components that effect or breaking point arranging rehearses like time and multifaceted nature of the arrangement (Hall 4). The third one is the interpretation way that joins abilities, thoughts and information from various fields into the arrangement. There are four sorts of arranging hypotheses. Arranging hypothesis depends on useful experience and has its emphasis on a specific culture or country. Hypothesis two proposes arranging methodologies to organizers which they can utilize while settling on or aiding plan choices. Third is the hypothesis that centers around the subjects and objects of the arrangement. The fourth hypothesis consolidates all the three speculations of arranging and clarifies the subtleties of arranging practice. The arranging hypothesis keeps on assuming a fundamental job of advancing because of the dynamic cultural needs (Friend and Hickling 3). Urban arranging hypothesis has confronted analysis from scholastics and experts as being befuddled and illogical. Arranging capacities have assumed a pivotal job in light of the regularly changing society needs and prerequisites. Many arranging speculations had disregarded the enthusiasm of natural protection. They had overlooked the open intrigue and delivered unacceptable outcomes. They have disregarded the significance of decent variety and condition preservation. My own hypothesis will take into

Confucianism in Chinese and Japanese Accounting Systems free essay sample

In this paper we will examine how the impact of Confucianism has straightforwardly influenced both China and Japan in a social and financial sense. After a short conversation of Confucianism and the historical backdrop of East Asian bookkeeping we will altogether look at the outcomes of these countries systems post 2005. We will examine how these occasions have changed the Chinese and Japanese bookkeeping frameworks of today and how Confucianism is the basic factor in these changes. The meaning of Confucianism Confucianism explains on the estimations of steadfastness, dutiful devotion, trustworthiness, kindheartedness, honorableness, ceremonies, and honesty. This precept was created more than 2000 years prior by Confucius, who gave a to manage individuals to managing a wide range of crisis’s utilizing right good direct and the correct conduct later on (Aiken, 1998). Fundamentally, Confucius gave a structure to recognize what is correct and great, particularly for urging individuals keep on accomplishing their destinations when they face affliction. Additionally, he proposed that both the rulers and the governed could set up specific relations so as to diminish ill-disposed connections (Gao, Handley-Schachler, 2003). In the hypothesis there is an accentuation on change, which implies everything is changing constantly and even individuals have a place with this dynamic procedure (Tang, 2000). Individuals will interrelate with one another and can't live alone. Confucius expresses that the public government assistance is a higher priority than personal circumstances. Confucianism additionally stresses that instruction assumes a critical job in the public arena. It relinquishes segregation and furthermore can encourage the advancement of society and the development in the economy (Aiken, 1998). It favors showing moral practices and moral practice; for example, ordinary citizens for the most part effectively notice moral models as opposed to government’s orders. In any case, it can likewise be genuine that people are affected by law and orders, which urges individuals to just focus on authoritative document. As indicated by People’s Republic of China (2001), rivalry is a key and significant standard in the general public. Nonetheless, rivalry can be seen as â€Å"counterproductive† in the East Asia. This is on the grounds that they accept the most significant standard is collaboration. In the western point of view, evaluating has disregarded the principle fundamental of Confucianism, which is trust. The idea of straightforwardness can legitimize its auditability by a practical authenticity. In this way, Confucianism accepts that insatiability drives the procedure of business and the reason for a vendor, and the bookkeeper is a contemptible occupation, particularly for the senior. Ramifications of Confucianism for East Asian bookkeeping According to News Release (2001), the ramifications of Confucianism brings about the bookkeeping framework tending to concentrate on structure and structure. This arrangements with the congruity of customary practices instead of creative systems. Along these lines, individuals stick to conventions and century long customs. Confucianism drives individuals to reliability to country, family, companions, and dutiful devotion, which can bring the relationship of nepotism. Nepotism alludes to the mystery of bookkeepers. In the tenet of means from Confucius stresses of the idea of balance. This implies picking a center methodology can be taken to manage vulnerability circumstances. The pathway has been showed in bookkeeping regarding progressively broad dangers exposure in the distributed yearly report (Aiken, 1998). In East Asian bookkeeping, it likewise follows the teaching of means. In light of conservatism, they as a rule concede gains until it is plainly feasible. This technique is an unrefined route for managing drawback chance and delineating misfortunes soon. Another methodology which generally use in East Asian nations is pay smoothing so as to adapt to vulnerabilities in bookkeeping (People’s Republic of China, 2001). This strategy settles profit which is general engaged with treating the pinnacles and valleys to make stable. It typically happens in the exhibition of salary estimations. The two methodologies can be considered as a drawn out exhibition, which is associated with Confucianism. The recommendation of complete honesty of Chinese and Japanese money related report appears to credit to the ideas of trustworthiness and honesty in the Confucianism. Shockingly, trustworthiness and honesty doesn't happen in either nation. Indeed, they don't generally acknowledge the financial substance in their bookkeeping frameworks. They generally cling to the example of authoritative document. In the bookkeeping report, they typically disregard the valuations of reasonable market. Rather, they center around the verifiable expenses. Be that as it may, substance over structure is utilized when there is new bookkeeping given in China. Furthermore there is a various leveled request, which implies that individuals must think about relations, for example, family funds and business exchanges exist in Chinese society (Tang, 2000). Confucianism standards imply that there are no bookkeeping standards and no administrative directing, however it doesn't exist in those nations. In this way, there is a low level of polished methodology in the public eye and bookkeepers assume a constrained job in those nations. Chinese Accounting and Confucianism Chinese bookkeeping has been transformed from the Mixed Market bookkeeping model to the ongoing bookkeeping model dependent on expanding worldwide business exercises and boosting improvement of culture, economy and legislative issues during the most recent decade. Confucianism, which is the fundamental wellspring of Chinese culture incorporates perfect, character, ideological idea, feeling of worth and social brain research, affects various characters of bookkeeping. The change of Chinese bookkeeping Understanding how Chinese bookkeeping has changed in past periods will profit the investigating of the connections among Confucianism and bookkeeping. History shows that Chinese bookkeeping and reviewing had developed 6,000 years back and had the most progressive framework on the planet. Analysts even discovered figurings and records noted on wood (Lu W Aiken M 2003, p. 1). In the antiquated periods, Chinese bookkeeping had low advancement because of governments not focusing or supporting exploration in bookkeeping and the general public. The legislature didn't view bookkeeping and bookkeepers as parts of an expert action (Lu W Aiken M 2003, p. 1). In late hundreds of years, China has become the second biggest goal of interest on the planet, anyway more prominent yearly bookkeeping and money related reports are required for remote financial specialists and loan bosses to pull in progressively outside venture. In this way, the Chinese bookkeeping model, gauges and the arrangement of expert rules have been went with and encouraged to create. The present Chinese bookkeeping framework is based on a juridical premise and fit with different nations. Despite essential bookkeeping standard, components, accounting techniques, or the arrangement of budgetary report, the Chinese bookkeeping fit with outside bookkeeping standards and that has roused increasingly potential speculators to gain proficient data through the perusing of monetary reports. The impact of Confucianism in Chinese bookkeeping . ) The Government People in China have been acquainted with complying with the legislature in light of the fact that the idea of separated society which has been profoundly imparted in the general population. These days, the capacity of Chinese government is wide and solid which incorporates enactment, judicature and organization. Specialists increasing solid force from Confucianism prompts the powerful separation that open will most likely dread, appreciate and basically follow choices from the administration. In this manner, the administration, as it were, chooses the Chinese bookkeeping standards. In the estimation of obligation right, Confucianism lectures that obligation is a higher priority than right. Individuals will be viewed as delicate, good and genuine in the event that they contribute themselves more to society and others. Another urgent view from Confucianism, is benefit of aggregate should be viewed as first. This decides China’s solid government a command over general society. In this way, China’s government has a basic job in settling on choices in bookkeeping. 2. ) Accounting Ethics Furthermore, Confucianism underscores fact, for example, common guideline and ational rationale may effectsly affect bookkeeping morals. Confucianism guesses that individuals ought to accept the existence your living instead of phantoms, divine beings, and demise, which has become a piece of Chinese standards of conduct. This proof recommends that Chinese won't stress over fault by anyone ethically, or heading off to the damnation and driving divine beings crazy after t hey defying the guidelines. In this manner, activity of Chinese bookkeeping framework may have some genuine drawbacks in view of the defectiveness of bookkeeping morals. 3. ) Conservatism Conservatism is another principle normal for Confucianism. It influences Chinese bookkeepers that are not ready to adapt to the dangers or potential misfortunes from the vulnerability in a business domain. This outcomes from the way that China has changed to a market-situated economy as of late. Bookkeeping changes need to accelerate the procedure of improvement and begin having representatives rehearsing how to manage chances so as to give dependable bookkeeping data to both household and global financial specialists (Lin J Chen F 1999, p. 33). Japanese Accounting and Confucianism The establishment of Japanese bookkeeping gauges depends on Commercial Code, which was originated from German Commercial Law (McKinnon, 1986). The Japanese bookkeeping framework has been enormously affected by Confucianism. Territories, for example, accentuating long haul budgetary execution and looking for consistency in keiretsu, has Confucian roots yet it has not totally clung to Confucianism (Bloom, 20 03). Japan has consistently modified the bookkeeping standard since the late 1990’s. This is because of the escape clauses and shortcomings of the

The Aurora Shootings Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Aurora Shootings - Essay Example July twentieth, 2012 was set apart with mind boggling loathsomeness, brutality and distress which will be associated with quite a while because of the loss of lives and the frightful scars it left on the enduring people. The screening of the English film â€Å"The Dark Knight Rises† at one of the cinemas in Aurora, Colorado, was changed over from an energizing and thrilling occasion into a savage slaughter spreading trepidation and frenzy all over. The shooting brought about the demise of 12 and the injury of 58 individuals in the theater; as indicated by the police reports, almost every injury was the result of shots (Pearson 2012). This frenzy has been secured by media widely expounding every single detail, number of casualties and survivors, aftermaths of the shootings, government activities and passionate accounts of the slaughter casualties and their grieving family members. James E. Holmes, the suspect of Aurora shootings, entered the cinema through a back leave entryway, equipped with a weapon and wearing ballistic cap and defensive apparatus over his body, took shots at irregular in the cinema. As per the law implementation organizations, Holmes likewise tossed a nerve gas; notwithstanding, the substance is still under doubt. Holmes was captured inside initial seven minutes of the frenzy calls from the film goers, while the casualties were hastily sent to the close by emergency clinics (Pearson 2012). The Aurora shootings left numerous inquiries waiting among the individuals with respect to security of cinemas that how could an outfitted individual enter a theater and many addressing eyes were raised against the weapon proprietorship laws of the United States. Then again, reasons that incited Holmes towards a cruel shooting binge are additionally being explored and inquired about.

Transformational Leadership Guide Definition, Qualities, Pros Cons, Examples

Transformational Leadership Guide Definition, Qualities, Pros Cons, Examples “Transformational leaders don’t start by denying the world around them. Instead, they describe a future they’d like to create instead.” â€" Seth GodinTransformational leadership is among the more recent leadership theories. It focuses on a leader’s ability to inspire followers and it does so by focusing on a vision that can change the structures around the organization. Its objective is clear when you simply look at the word the theory is built around: transform.But how do you get people to follow a vision? Is transformational change always a good idea? © Shutterstock.com | alphaspiritIn this guide, we will hope to answer the above questions and delve deeper into the model of transformational leadership. We’ll start by examining the ideas behind the style, its core elements and the requirements of a transformational leader. We’ll also examine the advantages and disadvantages of the leadership theory and present you with a few examples of true transformational leaders.UNDERSTANDING THE DIFFERENT CONTEXTS OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIPTo understand leadership theories, you often have to look at the history of how the model developed. Understanding the different ideas that contributed to the growth of the framework can make it easier to comprehend the modern context and use of the structure.In this section, we’ll examine the different historical texts, which influenced the birth of the transformational theory and the ideas these theories added to the framework. We’ll also explore the current theory introduced by Bernard Bass.T he historical contextAlthough James MacGregor Burns is considered as the father of the transformational leadership theory, James V. Downton first coined the term. In his 1973 book Rebel Leadership: Commitment and Charisma in a Revolutionary Process, he studied the concept of charisma and it’s influence in religious leadership.But Downton’s work remained rather unnoticed and the concept of transformational leadership didn’t take off until the publication of Burns’ Leadership. The book came out in 1978 and it examined different leadership models of the time in detail. According to Burns, most of these models focused on a transactional process, focusing on different exchanges between the leader and the subordinates.On the other hand, he thought transformational leadership is different, as it engages the leader to form a relationship with the subordinates and ensure it motivates them and improves their moral behavior. Transformational leadership was a process in which “leaders and followers help each other to advance to a higher level or morale and motivation.”The central focus for Burns was to identify this difference between the transactional and transformational leadership. For Burns, transactional leadership was based on the idea of give and take approach. An example would be a salary negotiation, where both sides want to find a balance between what they have to give in order to receive something. On the other hand, Burns believed transformational leadership to create a value shift between the leader and the subordinate. The leader would achieve change in the subordinate’s views through a subtle and positive manner.The differences of transactional and transformational leadership are explained well in the below image: Based on concept from James MacGregor BurnsBurns’ transformational leadership framework saw the leader’s behavior and traits as the transforming power in empowering the subordinates and in changing the organization. The leader would be able to instill change because they were exceptional role models.In this sense, Burns viewed transformational leadership framework as a force for good. He believed the model is linked with higher order values and strong morals; therefore, denying the style can be attributed to leaders who’ve done disastrous things in the past. In fact, Burns theory of leadership was among the first to introduce the ethical and moral dimension as a cornerstone of the theory.Burns’ theory was influenced by Abraham Maslow’s Theory of Human Needs, which is summarized in detail in the below YouTube clip. Essentially, Maslow recognized how human behavior is based on needs and finding the way to fulfill them. The higher range of needs is what Burns was interested in , as the transformational leader needs a good self-esteem and self-actualization to succeed. The modern contextThe modern framework of transformational leadership is based on the research and writings of Bernard M. Bass. Bass extended Burns’ ideas in 1985 in Leadership and Performance. His focus was on highlighting the psychological mechanisms influencing transformational leadership and to provide a test for measuring a leader’s transformational capability. The Multifactor Leadership Quiz (MLQ) will be explored in detail in the next section.In essence, Bass wanted to explore the ways a leader is able to influence subordinates. Bass expanded on Burns’ trait theory and emphasized the leaders characteristics in order to transform the subordinates’ view on things. While Bass believed transformational leadership to be about challenging the status quo and creating a shift in the way things are conducted, he also saw the framework could include transactional aspects. For Bass, the two leadership models were not mutually exclusive, but more of a continuum of models. The above image represents the continuum and shows that while the styles are different, they are not exclusive of each other. According to Bass, a leader can operate by using all of the three frameworks, rather than sticking to one.Nonetheless, a transformational leader would focus on changing the framework, even if he or she occasionally used a different approach. In another article titled From Transactional to Transformational Leadership, Bass criticized the transactional leadership style for implementing the “if it’s not broke, don’t fix it” approach.According to Bass, this type of approach won’t lead to business success, but it will guarantee stagnation and problems in the long-term. On the other hand, transformational leadership will “broaden and elevate the interests of their employees”, “generate awareness and acceptance of the purposes and mission of the group” and can ensure “employees look beyond their own self-interest for the good of the group”.In or der to do so, he or she would have to use influence and charisma and provide the subordinates with a clear idea of the vision or mission ahead. In Bass’ theory, there are three different ways to transform and influence subordinates:Enhancing the subordinates’ awareness of the importance and the value of the task.Instead of focusing on their personal interests, the subordinates should be directed to achieve the operational goals first.Activating the subordinates’ higher-order needs.Interestingly, Bass originally concluded transformational leadership as amoral theory. This meant the vision and charisma of the leader are not always a positive force, but could and have potentially been used harmfully.For example, leadership under Jim Jones could be characterized as transformational, even though it was horrific for the subordinates in the end. Nonetheless, Bass later changed his views on the matter, after dialogue with Burns, concluding that transformational leadership has a moral agent, which should always be used for good.THE CORE ELEMENTS OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIPNow that we’ve explored the concepts and contexts around transformational leadership, we can turn our attention to the core elements of the model. The key elements include Bass’ four transformational components and the test he developed for analyzing a person’s leadership style.Bass’ four componentsThe core idea of Bass’ transformational theory focuses on the ways a leader can change the organizational structures around him or her and to ensure the subordinates follow him.In order for this to happen, Bass identified four components, which create the framework for transformational leadership: idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation and individualized consideration. These four became known as the ‘four Is’ of the leadership style.#1 Idealized influenceTransformational leadership rests on the idea of individual charisma. The key reason the leadership style works is due to the assumption that leaders can use their own example as a motivator for specific behavior. In essence, because the leader ‘practices what he preaches’, the subordinates will follow his or her example.The leader is able to show conviction regarding the vision he sets out; he or she remains loyal to the cause and is willing to put him or herself on the firing line. This kind of behavior resonates with the subordinates on an emotional level and they start viewing the leader as a role model.Through this concept of idealized influence, the transformational leader can start building relationships, which are based on trust and respect. By taking risks, following his or her core values and convictions, and showing strong moral ideals, the leader will begin to develop a sense of confidence from the subordinates that he or she is serious. This begins the process of internalizing the leader’s ideals and emulating the behavior.#2  Inspirational motivationThe above provides the leader with the ability to spark confidence, motivation and a clear sense of purpose, which provides the framework of inspirational motivation. The framework for transformational leadership would not work appropriately, if there weren’t a constant promotion of a consistent vision and well-defined values to guide the team.A clear vision provides the leadership the tools to outline with clarity what actions are necessary and why they can help the team reach the desired goal. Due to the lucidity in the purpose, the subordinates are constantly aware of what is required of them and what their personal purpose within the bigger picture is. This provides the subordinates with a sense of meaning, while also setting them challenges to achieve the objectives.Transformational leadership’s motivation is based on tangible objectives and optimism about achieving them. The idea is that by creating a sense of purpose, the subordinates are more willing to work, especially when they understand what the goal is.Furthermore, this component requires the leader to show confidence towards subordinates and support to help them achieve the goals through focus on self-development. #3  Intellectual stimulationTransformational leadership aims to enhance creativity and it actively seeks to promote autonomy and shared responsibility. Although it doesn’t necessarily set out a clear decision-making framework, it does tend to fall towards a more democratic model. Intellectual stimulation, which includes shared decision-making and innovation at its core, is a key component in the leadership framework.Instead of making decisions for the subordinates and telling them what to do, the transformational leader calls for innovative thinking and ‘get it done’ mentality. Subordinates are encouraged to be in charge of their own decisions.A big part of intellectual stimulation relies on the approach the leader takes towards problems and ideas. Subordinates are free and encouraged t o solicit ideas without the fear of critique under this system. Instead of stating that a certain approach is wrong, the leader aims to change the way subordinates think about a problem and to see the different ways they could overcome the issues facing them.Overall, transformational leadership framework is not set. If the processes are found ineffective and unhelpful in the quest to achieve a certain vision, then a transformational leader is willing to change the system.#4  Individualized considerationFinally, the last component of the theory is individualized consideration. Transformational leadership framework celebrates team effort, but it also understands the contributions of individuals. Furthermore, the leader should acknowledge the subordinates’ personal needs and desires, both professionally and in private life.The theory borrows from participative leadership theory in the sense that it realizes people are motivated by different things. One approach doesn’t fit all and if the leader wants to get the most out of his or her subordinates, then there must be consideration for these specific needs.Therefore, one-on-one coaching and mentorship are crucial for the leadership to work. The personalized training should be aimed at finding ways to reach these individual needs and to align them with the larger operational goals. The focus is not only on education and training, but also in the fulfillment of the individual need for self-actualization, similar to Maslow’s ideas.Under the framework, individuals and their achievements are celebrated equally to what the team is able to achieve. This provides further motivation for each individual to continue focusing on self-development and to work on the personal and operational goals to the best of their ability.Test for transformational leadershipOnce Bass had established the framework for transformational leadership, he also went on to find a way to measure how deeply leaders and their subordinates at any si tuation showcase these characteristics. His assessment became to be known as the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ).The questionnaire measures the components of leadership, with the initial questionnaire focused on Bass’ analysis of transformational leadership in his 1985 article. But the test has since been updated, although the basis is still rooted in the earlier factor analysis. The current version MLQ 5X focuses on around 26 items, which are divided into 9 scales.The nice scales include:Inspirational motivation. Tests the articulation and representation of vision by the leader.Idealized influence (attributed). Examines how much charisma is attributed to the leader.Idealized influence (behavior). Looks at how the leader acts upon the values of the collective sense of purpose.Intellectual stimulation. Tests how followers’ beliefs are challenged and helped to analyze their problem solving.Individualized consideration. Examines how the individual needs are taken into co nsideration.Contingent reward. Studies the leaders ability to provide rewards for followers when tasks are accomplished.Active management-by-exception. The scale measures how actively the leader looks for deviations from the rules and the set processes and corrects issues before mistakes.Management-by-exception. This scale is only evident if the leader intervenes after mistakes have been made.Laissez-faire. The scale focuses on measuring whether there is an absence of leadership.The MLQ test provides three outcome criteria. These include the followers’ Extra Effort (EEF), the Effectiveness of Leader’s Behavior (EFF), and the followers’ Satisfaction (SAT).The earlier versions of the test received criticism due to the limited research on the impact and framework of transformation leadership. An article on the Langston University website points out, for example, that the MLQ test was criticised for the wording it used. “Most items in the scale of charismatic leadership describe d the result of leadership, instead of specific actions of the leader that can be observed and that, in turn, lead to the results,” the article states.Since then, Bass together with Avolio has clarified and modified the test. In 2003, John Antonakis studied the viability of the test and found strong evidence to suggest the MLQ5X can be a reliable way to measure transformational leadership.The official MLQ test can be ordered from the Mind Garden website. It can be used for both research purposes, as well as for assessment and development.THE QUALITIES AND COMPETENCIES OF A TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERAs transformational leadership relies heavily on the leader’s ability to influence the subordinates and communicate his or her vision to them, it’s imperative to study the traits the leader must have. In this section, we’ll examine not only the traits the leader must show, but also the key competencies required to be a transformational leader.Five major traitsTransformational leaders are often measured based on how much they showcase certain characteristics, referred to as the ‘Big Five’. Big Five refers to the Five Factor Model Of Personality, which examines a set of stable characteristics and measures how these influence a leader’s cognition and behavior.The Big Five includes the following dimensions: openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion/introversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism/emotional stability. Joyce Bono and Timothy Judge’s meta analysis, published in the Journal of Applied Psychology, showed how transformational leaders relate to each of these five personality dimension.According to the findings, there is a strong correlation between the openness to experience and transformational leadership. This is not surprising, as transformational leaders are actively looking to challenge the status quo and therefore, they are constantly seeking to find new experiences.Furthermore, the ability to be open to experience was shown to imp rove the leaders ability to be creative. Once more, the leader’s ability to get subordinates on board with his or her vision is necessary and requires plenty of creativity.In regards to conscientiousness, the trait is associated with desire for achievement and the willingness to make changes in order to reach the goals. This type of behavior could be seen as essential for a transformational leader, although Judge and Bono didn’t find a strong correlation in their studies to support this idea. Indeed, the dimension was found to be more closely linked with transactional leaders and individuals who are detail-oriented. A transformational leader is often much more focused on the bigger vision rather than smaller details.On the other hand, agreeableness links more closely with transformational leader, since it alludes to the supportive nature of these leaders. Judge and Bono found it linked with transformational leaders strongly and associated with further traits of consideration and empathy. One of the reasons the trait might have such strong relation to transformational leadership might be its connection with charisma. Agreeableness is tied with individuals who display generosity, co-operation and affection.Extraversion was the most strongly linked personality dimension of transformational leaders. The dimension is essential for the mutual engagement of leaders with subordinates, which is why it’s a necessary part of the style. Extraverts are also charismatic and they tend to display strong communication skill, with the ability to persuade people of their vision.Finally, the dimension of neuroticism is often linked with a person’s self-esteem and self-confidence. Neurotic behaviors tend to cause anxiety, especially in a group setting and therefore, the dimension was the least linked trait with transformational leader. Transformational leaders are looking to lead a group and not shy away from it.You can view the results of the study from the below diagram: © Wikimedia Commons | Akaychestnut Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0Four key competenciesPerhaps more important than specific traits is the leader’s ability to show certain competencies. Transformational leadership relies heavily on the leader’s ability to ignite the subordinates and this requires a bit of skill.Murray Johannsen, founder of Legacee and Profession in Leadership Entrepreneurship, has identified four key competencies for transformational leaders.The skill of building a skill.The transformational mind-set.The use of social influence.The strive towards self-mastery.The first step is to learn how to empower other people, which refers to the idea of having the skill to help others build a skill. As a leader, you shouldn’t just focus on leading by example, but you also must support and show how you perform.The key to empowering others is following these steps:Start sharing information with employees to build trust and to share knowledge across the organization.Develop your vis ion until it is clear enough for everyone to understand. Ask advice and tweak your theories and ideas.Ensure employees aren’t afraid of mistakes. Don’t criticize or punish your subordinates for trying.Celebrate the successes and the failures. Teach employees that both success and failure are opportunities for growth and learning.Allow teams to form their own hierarchies and let employees take accountability for their actions.Your next competency development should focus on the transformational mind-set, i.e. thirst for change. Again, the key is to create a strong vision and idea of what you want your leadership to look like. Examine things such as what success and failure mean to you and how you want to lead. Transformational mind-set also requires you to be aware of your strengths and weaknesses. If you aren’t aware of your own characteristics and qualities, it will be hard to change other things around â€" transformational leader is always able to see beyond smokes and mirro rs.As a charismatic leader, you need to enhance your ability to influence people. A great place to start improving this competency is by reading the 1959 book The Bases for Social Power by French and Raven. The classic article identifies five forms of power, showcased in the below picture: Based on The Bases for Social Power by French and RavenUnder the model, each system of power will influence your leadership. For a transformational leader the understanding of each power model is important because you might need to implement all of them at one point or another. The ability to use each power model will need different tactics. For expert power, you’ll need to enhance your knowledge and understanding of the structures around you. On the other hand, coercive power requires the development of authority and the ability to punish people in a fair but concise manner.Finally, you’ll need to develop the competency of striving towards self-mastery, the continuous development of the self. The competence relates directly to transformational leadership’s key building blog: Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. Once you have your basic needs fulfilled, you need to start working towards the final stage: self-actualization.How can you continue working towards these goals while jugglin g with work and personal life? Learning skills and improving your understanding of the self is not easy, but it also isn’t hard. Free tools online can provide you the option to focus on self-actualization even during stressful times. The key to self-development is to understand it is a journey. A journey you can take together with your colleagues and friends.ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIPAs transformational leadership is about inspiring subordinates to follow the vision of the leader, the framework can be highly fruitful. In this section, we’ll examine the benefits of the leadership in detail. Nonetheless, while the leadership theory brings plenty of positives to an organization, the framework is not always force for good. Therefore, we will also outline the downside to transformational leadership.Advantages of transformational leadershipLet’s start by peering at the positives. The first clear advantage of transformation leadership is engraved in t he name itself: transformation. The framework is aimed at creating change, and in business, the need for change is inevitable.As we mentioned earlier in the guide, a stagnant approach to running a business can lead to problems. Examples of this kind of behavior are plentiful. For example, consider the phone giant Nokia. For a long time it ruled mobile sales, but it didn’t continue to innovate quickly enough and once the iPhone entered the market, the company was too slow to follow. Transformational leadership can remove this behavior from a company, as it puts change and innovation to the core of what the organization does.The reason transformational leadership is effective in implementing change is due to its focus on a clear vision. A transformational leader is supposed to create a clear vision of the change the organization needs, which will make it easier for the subordinates to follow it. The framework helps an organization define its objectives clearly and create structures that support the vision.Learn how to draft a clear company vision by watching this video. Furthermore, the leadership theory tends to strike a balance between short- and long-term objectives. Since the framework focuses on meaningful and achievable objectives, it starts the long-term process by establishing short-term objectives to keep things going. Transformational leadership adds focus to an organization by understanding the key actions that need to be taken, without forgetting about the future goals the organization wants to achieve.In addition, the style is effective because it doesn’t just set out the objectives it wants to achieve, but the leader has an important role in supporting the subordinates in achieving this goal. The leader’s example provides motivation and inspiration for the subordinates, with a focus on pushing employees to higher standards. As mentioned above, transformational leadership provides the subordinates with opportunities for growth, both personally and professionally.Transformational leaders need to have integrity and high emotional intelligence. The empathy towards other people can help create meaningful relationships with others and ensure the leader-subordinate relationship is built on mutual respect and trust. These two qualities are crucial for creating a collaborative environment, which is passionate about achieving tasks.Ronald E. Riggio, psychologist and leadership expert, pointed out in an article published on the Psychology Today website, how studies have shown groups with a transformational leader exhibit “higher levels of performance and motivation” compared to other types of groups. Subordinates under the leadership style have more support and options for personal development. While they might not be as involved in decision-making as in certain other types, there is still the notion of being part of something. The sense of community is often a powerful motivator for people. In essence, the increased motivatio n can boost a company’s profitability.In terms of operational efficiency, another big benefit to the style comes from how it creates other leaders with transformational qualities. Since individuals are using self-motivation and self-actualization as part of their work, they can use these talents to become transformational leaders themselves. In the event of the current leader leaving, the organization might have a line of potential leaders ready to take on the role.Furthermore, the leadership framework emphasizes collaboration instead of personal gains. Psychological studies, such as the Game Theory test, have repeatedly shown that co-operation is more effective in achieving goals compared to a more competitive approach. Transformational leadership’s focus on creating a common vision to work towards can result in faster results and more deep-rooted change within the organization.Since the leadership style is focused on change, it naturally suits organizations that are in need of transformation. Failing businesses, start-ups and companies lacking a vision can benefit immensely from the above advantages.Disadvantages of transformational leadershipThere are certain problems and disadvantages to the theory as well. Perhaps the main issue deals with the idea that transformational theory would always act as a force for good. In fact, sometimes the transformational leader can make things worse and cause huge suffering within the structure they are hoping to change. An example of this could be Mao Tse Dung. If you look at his leadership, then it has most of the hallmarks of transformation leadership, yet the changes led to human suffering.This essentially boils down to the problem of defining transformation. What constitutes as transformation? Even the official MLQ test has trouble clarifying this and the test could potentially suffer from the so-called test effect. The person being tested could see what factors the test is analyzing and looking for, answering wit h this knowledge in mind.Furthermore, the leader’s focus on change and the vision can cause ‘reality blindness’. The enthusiastic and passionate approach can be a force for positive change, but it could also diminish the leader’s willingness to investigate things further and face up to inconvenient facts. Being driven by one’s own ideals and vision might not lead to the right results.An element of becoming blind can also take place with the subordinates’ relationship with the leader. Since the leader creates a positive and supportive relationship with the subordinates, the subordinates’ ability to critique the leader or indeed the project might become compromised. The leadership’s enthusiastic approach can lead to overdependence, in which the team ends up chasing goals that aren’t realistic or obtainable.The leader’s enthusiasm and his or her call for unity can also lead to conformity rather than collaboration. Subordinates might find it easier to just ‘go alon g’ with the leader, instead of truly buying the vision or feeling confident about the plan. If you don’t have people believing in the mission, the effectiveness of change can drastically reduce.Similar to charismatic leadership, the transformational leader needs to use impression management as a basis for motivating his or her subordinates. But the focus on ‘leading through example’ has the downside of slipping into the territory of self-promotion. There can be a danger to become more concerned about the protection of self-image and self-promotion that the support and empowerment of subordinates fades into the background.This video with Brian Tracy shows you how to become a transformational leader. Transformational leadership is not an easy leadership style to implement or master. It can take plenty of experience to become truly good at creating meaningful change and therefore, teaching and learning this style can be difficult. The person needs to spend enough time understan ding the concepts, gaining enough knowledge on leadership and different industries, and developing emotional intelligence. The process can therefore seem overwhelming and people might find it more comfortable to result to other types of leadership models.Overall, for the leadership style to work and provide the above advantages, the leader must have the right characteristics detailed in the previous section. Thus, the pressure on the leader to achieve and to be able to motivate all of his or her subordinates is rather high. If the leader is unable to convince the subordinates about his or her vision, then the framework won’t work at all.EXAMPLES OF FAMOUS TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSSince transformational leadership is such a powerful force for change, history has seen its fair share of transformational leaders. Leaders in sports, politics, religion and business have used the transformational style to implement their visions and change the structures around them. Examining these leade rs can help understand the frameworks and characteristics of this leadership style in detail.William Edwards DemingWilliam Edwards Deming is not your ordinary politician or a business guru. Yet, he showed tremendous leadership qualities during his time at the US Department of the Army after the war.In 1928, Deming received a doctorate in mathematics and physics from Yale. He became known for his work with the US government and as the father of statistical quality control.When World War II was ravaging the globe, Deming helped teach statistical process control techniques to military production employees in order to improve the production and help the war effort. He was determined to change the inefficient structures and make sure everything was done to enhance the support of the troops.Once the war ended, the US government sent him to solve problems relating to agricultural production in Japan. Deming managed to convince the Japanese officials that the industrial uses of statistical methods can help improve production and boost to country’s economy. The job wasn’t easy, but Deming used his expertise and passion to get the officials on his side. As you might know, within a short while Japan became the leading industrial powerhouse in the world, much of it thanks to Deming’s methods.Few of the most telling quotes by Deming include the following:“We are here to make another world”“A bad system will beat a good person every time.”“Innovation comes from the producers â€" not from the customer.”The quotes perfectly capture ideas of the transformational leadership. The framework is about creating a vision and the world has to constantly be willing to change in order to become better.Nelson MandelaAnother obvious example of a transformational leader is the great Nelson Mandela. Mandela transformed a whole society and he did it with forgiveness and love. He showed the characteristics of a leader that everyone wanted to aspire to.Peter Northouse wrote i n his 2013 book Leadership: Theory and Practice, that a transformational leader is someone who is able to “engage with followers and create a connection that raises the level of motivation and morality in both the leader and the follower”. Mandela exemplified this by forgiving the people that imprisoned him and kept him away from his family for years. He showed people that empathy and love will conquer over fear and resentment â€" only by rising together can society achieve its goals.Mandela was able to articulate his vision of whites and blacks living together equally in South Africa. In 1942, he led a peaceful revolution against the government, trying to overturn the unequal land distribution in the country. Mandela knew that the revolt, although aiming to be non-violent, would lead to his own prosecution. Yet, he led through self-sacrifice. His followers continued to be inspired during and after his time in prison. They understood that through their self-actualization that th e need to be free is strong and that is would only come about through democracy.One of the best examples of his transformational leadership skills was his ability to use the 1995 Rugby World Cup as a reconciliatory power to bring the nation together. It instilled a sense of national pride to the nation â€" no matter what the color of your skin was; you were still a South African.Mandela was a charismatic man and he had the ability to inspire people who never had a chance to meet him. You can find some inspiration from the below talk by Mandela: John D. Rockefeller / Standard OilThe world of business has also seen its fair share of transformational leaders. Among the businesspersons that shaped the world or their industry, the American business mogul John D. Rockefeller must be close to the top. Rockefeller founded Standard oil in1870 as a humble, small oil refinery. Quickly, the company grew into a global oil giant, as it increased its size through acquisitions and Rockefeller’s v ision.The success came through Rockefeller’s focus on quality products and his staunch organization strategy. He was disciplined and he wanted these values to be highlighted in his company as well. The reason Standard Oil managed to grow so rapidly was down to the vision of Rockefeller. He wanted each operation in the organization to work towards the single objective and everyone, including himself, was accountable for ensuring the objective is achieved.Rockefeller’s vision was clear in both his business and personal life. When he received his first paycheck at the age of sixteen, he promised to give one tenth of his money to charity once he retired. Due to his business successes, he ended up giving around $550 million.“Good leadership consists of showing average people how to do the work of superior people,” Rockefeller once said, highlighting the importance of inspiring and empowering people to the next level.One of the issues that ended hindering Rockefeller’s leadershi p was his dedication. He was so committed to transforming the industry and working towards his vision that he never had a proper break. He suffered an emotional breakdown due to overworking, reminding leaders everywhere that sometimes it’s essential to just have a break.Ross Perot / Electric Data SystemsAnother example from the business world comes in the form of Ross Perot. He started out as a salesman for IBM, before launching his own company in the 1960s. Electric Data Systems (EDS) serviced computer systems for companies and organizations and it was one of the first business ventures he undertook.Perot’s vision was based around action. He was closely involved in training his employees and helping them to understand that whatever the customer asks, their duty is to help. There were no approvals and questionnaires to be filled â€" if you know how to fix it, you simply do so.At one point, the company’s motto was “We bring order to chaos”. No one was considered above one a nother. It was all about transformation and action.Bass wrote in 1990 that Perot’s transformational leadership was very self-effacing. Perot himself once said, “To a lot of guys I don’t look like I could afford a car.” Yet, EDS ended up being a $2.5 billion organization, which used quasi-military management to finish the job efficiently.Like Rockefeller, Perot’s leadership also included a strong personal element in everything he did. In 1979, he helped in the efforts to rescue hostages in Iran; two of who were his employees. He never forgot about the importance of other people and he cared about the wellbeing of his subordinates. They were as big part of his vision as he was.His ideas and vision are clear in his statement that,“Punishing honest mistakes stifles creativity. I want people moving and shaking the earth and they’re going to make mistakes.”FINAL THOUGHTSTransformational leadership is built around the idea of leading by example. It is about empowering peopl e to achieve their full potential and work towards the concept of self-actualization. From Burns to Bass, the theory has been built around the idea of challenging and changing the status quo and thriving towards greatness.The model emphasizes the importance of the leader, who must be able to create a clear vision of change and explain this vision in a manner that inspires followers the join in on the fight. The transformational leader must use his or her charisma, persuasion and empathy in order to create a structure that enthuses the followers.While transformational leadership can be highly effective in situations of problems and lead to empowering people, it has its share of downfalls as well. Although Burns and Bass both believed transformational leadership requires a moral component, history has shown that not all change is good, even if the intentions are there. Like charismatic leadership, transformational leadership can slip into a personality cult, where reality blurs into t he background as the organization only focuses on the given vision ahead of them.Yet, the measurability of transformational leadership with MLQ and the examples from the corporate and political world show that a strong vision can help take organizations to the next level. Since the world is not stagnant, leadership should also consider maintaining its continuous flow towards change.

Blood is Thicker than Water, or is it - Literature Essay Samples

In William Faulkers short story Barn Burning, a struggle erupts when Abner Snopes expects his son, Colonel Sartoris, to ignore his personal moral obligations in order to protect the family honor after a crime is committed. In their small town of Yoknapatawpha County, Faulkner creates a moral dilemma between the characters to analyze the complexity of growing into manhood. In â€Å"Barn Burning†, Faulkner uses the arson trial, the Snopes family’s move, and the burning of the second barn to illuminate the danger of blindly accepting a particular southern region’s culture. At the young age of ten, Colonel Sartoris is faced with his first test of manhood: will he lie for his father in court or will he be truthful about his father’s crime? Even though he is very young, Colonel already understands the task his father has placed in front of him as he thinks of the man prosecuting his father as â€Å"our enemy† solely because he reasons, â€Å"He’s my father!† (Faulkner 801). It is blatantly clear that Abner has raised Colonel Sartoris to support his actions in any situation, even if it means committing perjury. Young Colonel understands his mission in the court as he thinks, â€Å"He aims fir me to lie, And I will have to do hit† (Faulkner 802). Faulkner uses regional dialect in the thoughts of Colonel to reflect his Southern roots and the prevalent culture, in which families are tightly knit and respecting your elders is very important. Even though Colonel plans to lie for his father, the first sign of his conscience appears when the Snopes are leaving town and Colonel hopes, â€Å"Forever. Maybe [Abner] is done satisfied now† (Faulkner 802). Here, Colonel Sartoris feels relieved that he does not have to lie and he hopes that he will not be put in a position to trespass his moral obligations again. The scene in the courthouse reflects Colonel Satoris’s respect for his father which stems from his Southern upbringing. One thing his culture could not change is Colonel Sartoris’s duty to his internal conscience. Faulkner combines the strong Southern concepts of family and manhood in a conversation between the corrupt father and young son in a way that condemns the regional moral code. After the courthouse scene, Abner Snopes beats Colonel Sartoris as he screams, â€Å"You’re getting to be a man†¦ You got to learn to stick to your own blood or you ain’t going to have any blood to stick to you† (Faulkner 803). Abner is both guilting and threatening his son into accepting their culture. Abner appeals to Colonel’s yearning to be a man so he will feel guilty for wanting to be truthful. Also, Abner threatens his son that he will be abandoned if he continues to stray away from Abner’s corrupt moral standards. Abner rephrases the proverb â€Å"blood is thicker than water† when he threatens his son into conformity. Ironically, as Faulkner probably knew, the proverb â€Å"blood is thicker than water† is constantly misinterpreted. The proverb is actually â€Å"the blood of the covenant is thicker than the water of the womb†, meaning that the blood soldiers shed while fighting is stronger than the water shared by siblings of the same womb. Abner blindly follows a quote that he does not fully understand, further displaying his ignorance. The real proverb confirms that Colonel Sartoris is morally right as he betrays his family in order to follow his conscience. As Abner decides to set fire to the second barn, he is forced to choose between his family’s honor and what he knows is right, even if it hurts him in the end. As Abner commands his son to fetch the can of oil to start the fire, Colonel debates internally, â€Å"I could run on and on and never look back†¦ Only I can’t. I can’t† (Faulkner 810). Colonel obeys his father in getting the oil but he begins to think for himself, deciding that he can stand up to his father and run away from his criminal activities. As Colonel’s mom struggles to restrain him, Colonel Sartoris wants to hit his mother to free himself, but his Southern values which stress chivalry towards women prevent Colonel from using violence. After he warns the owner of the barn, Colonel knows it is too late to save his father and he begins to feel guilty when he hears the gunshots that kill Abner Snopes. Colonel Sartoris feels guilty after his father’s death due to his young age and the way that manhood is suddenly thrust upon him. A combination of feelings well up inside of him, what Colonel describes as, â€Å"despair now no longer terror and fear but just grief and despair† (Faulkner 812). In traditional Southern culture, boys are taught from a young age not to openly express their emotions. In the pure darkness of the woods where he is suddenly found alone, Colonel Sartoris is overwhelmed with pain. He cries out at the darkness, thinking loudly but whispering, â€Å"He was brave!† (Faulkner 812) After all his father put him through, Colonel tries to comfort himself by reinventing his father’s image as a brave man. Faulkner uses this scene to show how even in death, southern culture prevails through Colonel’s emotions. Brave is considered the highest of praises in Faulkner region, as â€Å"brave† is synonymous with â€Å"manly†. Onc e again, Colonel struggles to fit into this particular mold of manhood that he has been raised to strive towards. The irony of Colonel Sartoris remembering his father as a brave man is that he also claims that his father is patriotic, another prevalent southern ideal for men, although his father was no more than a thief during the Civil War. Abner Snopes built himself up as a wounded veteran because it places him into a respected social circle in their region. Ironically, Abner goes on to name his son after Colonel Sartoris, a man who he never fought for, because he was too busy attempting to steal the soldiers’ horses. Colonel’s memory of his father is another example of the way the boy has been deceived by his culture. As he walks away from the scene of his father’s death, Colonel Sartoris begins to breath easier as the weight of responsibility is lifting off of his chest. Now that he has become a man in his family’s eyes, he has also betrayed them and therefore can not return to his mother and sister. Although he saved his family’s honor by having his father killed, Colonel Sartoris has also disgraced his family by turning his back on his dad. In return, he walks off into the woods and does not look back (Faulkner 812). Abner Snopes’s influence on the family has caused them to see Colonel as a traitor for following his moral responsibility. Colonel has matured and realizes that he does not have to accept this culture of â€Å"blood is thicker than water†, so he moves on to start living by his own moral code. In conclusion, Faulkner uses his particular brand of regionalism in â€Å"Barn Burning† to point out discrepancies in southern culture. The relationship between Colonel Sartoris and his father Abner condemns the way that boys are raised to be men in such a way that they trade their personal moral code for family ties. Colonel Sartoris’s fear of abandonment plays into his ability to ignore his conscience in order to lie for his father’s criminal activities. As manhood is thrust upon him, Colonel Sartoris steps into his new role and does not look back.